Sikh Dharma :: essays research papers

Sikh Dharma, the youngest of the world religions, is barely five hundred years old. Its founder, Guru Nanak, was born in 1469. Guru Nanak spread a simple message of "Ek Ong Kar": we are all one, created by the One Creator of all Creation. This was at a time when India was being torn apart by castes, sectarianism, religious factions, and fanaticism. He aligned with no religion, and respected all religions. He expressed the reality that there is one God and many paths, and the Name of God is Truth, "Sat Nam". Guru Nanak's followers were Sikhs (seekers of truth). He taught them to bow only before God, and to link themselves to the Guru, the Light of Truth, who lives always in direct consciousness of God, experiencing no separation. Through words and example, the Guru demonstrates to followers how to experience God within themselves, bringing them from darkness into light. Guru Nanak was a humble bearer of this Light of Truth. He opposed superstition, injustice, and hypocrisy and inspired seekers by singing divine songs which touched the hearts of the most callous listeners. These songs were recorded, and formed the beginnings of the Sikhs' sacred writings, later to become the "Siri Guru Granth Sahib".Guru Nanak taught his way of life:Nam Japa - To get up each day before sunrise, to clean the body, meditate on God's Name and recite the Guru's hymns to clean the mind. Throughout the day, continuously remember God's Name with every breath.Dharam di Kirat Karni - To work and earn by the sweat of the brow, to live a family way of life, and practice truthfulness and honesty in all dealings.Vand Ke Chakna - To share the fruits of one's labor with others before considering oneself. Thus, to live as an inspiration and a support to the entire community.The Golden Chain The foundation of Sikh Dharma was laid down by Guru Nanak. Guru Nanak infused his own consciousness into a disciple, who then became Guru, subsequently passing the light on to the next, and so on. The word "Guru" is derived from the root words "Gu", which means darkness or ignorance, and "Ru", which means light or knowledge The Guru is the experience of Truth (God).Each one of the ten Gurus represents a divine attribute:Guru Nanak - Humility Guru Angad - Obedience Guru Amar Das — Equality Guru Ram Das -

Bee Biology

Discuss pesticide problems relating to beekeeping, including symptoms, distinguishing from disease and preventing pesticide impact. Adult Parasites: †¢ Varroa Mites o Caused by the parasitic mite called Varroa Destructor (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). o Symptoms include: existence of adult mites on adult bees, brood, or hive debris; adults have their abdomens shortened, wings distorted, and legs are deformed; and lastly, adult population and brood area declines dramatically, with blotchy brood pattern (North Carolina State University, 2007).o It can be prevented through using screened bottom boards, mite-tolerant stocks, drone-blood trapping, and management of still dusts (North Carolina State University, 2007). o Varroa mites can be detected using sugar shake or ether roll, sticky board, alcohol wash, or drone-blood inspection or visual inspection. o Treatments: Spring (before honey flow) o The use of volatile treatment (thymol, formic acid, etc) should not be used for they can cause reduction in the brood area. Appropriate dosage of Apistan or checkmite+ can be used as long as the mites have not formerly developed a resistance (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007).Late spring/summer (during/immediately following honey flow) ? Chemical treatments should never be used while hone supers are on hives. o Exploit one or more systems of preclusion, for instance, the use of screened bottom boards or mite-tolerant stock (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). Autumn (preparing for winter) ? Test regularly for mites, if possible once a month. o Alternate treatments regularly to lessen the comprehensive exposure of any chemical for mites (Buncombe Country Beekeepers Association, 2007). †¢ Nosema o Caused by the protozoan, Nosema apiso Stress from periods of long confinement, fast brood build-up, sustenance discrepancy and bad weather are some factors that may cause the existence of Nosema (Stanford, 2003). o Symptoms consis t of distension of the abdomens and paralyzed behaviors of adults. o In order to control the disease, practice proper management technique while using the antibiotic fumagilin (Fumidil B, Nosem X) (Stanford, 2003). †¢ Other adult bee diseases include rickettsial disease, amoeba disease, spiroplasmas, and many others. Brood Diseases: †¢ American Foulbroodo Caused by spore-forming bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae larvae (Stanford, 2003). o Symptoms consist of sour or â€Å"of a glue pot† odor; pierced or sunken capping; and resultant sticky black scales (Stanford, 2003). o To prevent the disease secure hygienic stocks; avoid robbing by keeping colonies strong; minimize comb swapping between hives; replace three combs in the brood chamber every year with foundation or drawn combs from honey supers; and disinfect bee hives or suspect frames and brood boxes at the NCDA fumigation chamber using ethylene oxide (North Carolina State University, 2007).o If the disease i s already present, treatments include burning of all frames and euthanizing of bees; scorching or fumigation of empty brood boxes, bottom boards, inner covers, and lids; lastly, contact your regional Apiary inspector (North Carolina State University, 2007). †¢ European Foulbrood o Caused by the bacterium Melissococcus pluton and associated flora o Symptoms include a characteristic odor; rare presence of perforated or hollow cappings; and a resultant black scale, which is often twisted in its cell (Stanford, 2003).o To prevent the disease, maintain a strong and healthy colony. o To treat the disease: maintain a hive quarantine and be vigilant for re-emergent signs of the disease; for light infections, reduce the area of the brood nest, replace infected combs with foundation, and keep the colony strong; for more serious infection, treat with terramycin, feed to colonies in powdered sugar by dusting on the top of the brood nest (North Carolina State University, 2007).†¢ Other brood diseases include chalkbrood, stonebrood, sacbrood, and Purple brood. Pests and Predators: †¢ Wax moth o Symptoms include: large larvae tunneling through the wax combs of weak hives or stored bee equipment; and presence of silk cocoons in infested hives or equipments (North Carolina State University, 2007). o Treatment recommendations include: storing of unused combs with PDB crystals. Never place crystals on a living colony, as the fumes are highly toxic to adult bees and brood.In case of heavy infestations, freeze combs for 1-2 days before reusing (North Carolina State University, 2007). †¢ Small Hive Beetle o Symptoms include: presence of adult beetles and eggs or larvae; watery, fermenting comb with small white grubs eating the wax; and larvae crawling out of the front entrance of the hive and burrowing into the soil (North Carolina State University, 2007). o If there are adults, tape half a strip of checkmite+ beneath a square of corrugated cardboard placed on t he bottom board of hive.If larvae are present: replace infected combs with foundation, then urn them or freeze them; Apply GuardStar soil drench around the perimeter of the hive to kill developing pupae in the ground around the hive (North Carolina State University, 2007). o Other pests in the honey bee colonies include ants, robber flies, mantids, yellowjackets, and other wasps (Stanford, 2003). 2. Describe the setup of a good honey house, indicating positive aspects of your arrangement. For the rural areas, Vautier Hive is ideal.It allows the bee keeper to produce good quality honey with fewer costs in building it. The hive is made from cement to protect the colonies from bad weather, bush fires and predators (BeesforDevelopment, 2006). The heavy weight of the hives will make it hard for the thieves to steal those (Volunteers for Africa Sustainable Natural Resource Management, 2006). The vautier hive should be raised off the ground on rocks or tires. The bee colony dwells in a sma ll volume that is needed. At harvest time, just open the hive, remove the flames that are full of honey and replace them with new flames.Close the hives until the next harvest(BeesforDevelopment, 2006). The hive produces 20-25 kg of honey per year (Volunteers for Africa Sustainable Natural Resource Management, 2006). †¢ Materials needed: o Cement o Lumber, bamboo or branches o Wooden mould †¢ The width of the hive should be twice than its height. Interior dimensions should be smaller. Create an entrance hole in the bottom of one side (BeesforDevelopment, 2006). Put a platform in front of entrance then make a ventilation hole at the back (BeesforDevelopment Inc. , 2007).†¢ The 22 frames should all have a top-bar and 2 triangles. Any long and stiff piece of wood can be used for top-bar. Cut the triangles from a square or rectangular piece of wood. Glue the triangles under the top-bar, making sure that all the frames are the same size (BeesforDevelopment, 2006). †¢ In order to encourage the bees to use the frames properly, put wax guides or foundation to the top-bar, centered and running the whole length of the top-bar, all the way to the edges of the triangles (BeesforDevelopment Inc. , 2007).

Distant Waves - 787 Words

GENRE: The genre of Distant Waves is science fiction because it is something that didnt happen that has futuristic thing in it such as earthquake machines, time travel, and other advanced devices that we dont have today. It also gave scientific explanations for everything. SETTING: The setting of Distant Waves is in many places. First, it is in Spirit Vale, New York. Next, the setting is in New York City, New York. And finally, the setting is on the Titanic. MAIN CHARACTER: Jane- Jane is an inquisitive girl who believes some things around her without explanation and is defensive of her familyy and friends. A bit of a bookworm, Jane reads (excuse the pun) as a nice and determined young woman. Than-Thad is a†¦show more content†¦CLIMAX/TURNING POINT: In Distant Waves, the climax is when while on the Titanic, Telsas earthquake machine causes them to run into the iceberg and they become transported forward in time by 2 hours and 40 minutes because of Telsas time travel machine. RESOLUTION: The resolution of Distant Waves is when Jane reaches her dreams of becoming a writer and after â€Å"loosing† Thad, her true love, on the Titanic, finds that he is transported forward in time by two years, and they â€Å"live happily ever after† like they do in fairy tales, blissfully in love. FALLING ACTION: Mimi finds out that the man she was going to marry had died on the Titanic and decides that she should take a trip to Hati and invited Jane to go with her. Thad holds Janes hadn the whole rideShow MoreRelatedDevice That Can Be Thought As A Gun1207 Words   |  5 Pagesdevice that can be thought as a gun. The second screen has a surface that can record or detect any wave or particle that manages to pass through the slits and strike the screen. As will be seen, sometime the researcher will open just one slit and other times both slits. The experiment is conducted in stages in order to contrast waves from particles. In the first stage a series of bullets (particles) will be fired toward the barrier with one slit open. As expected a vertical pattern of bulletRead MoreThe Theory Of The Political, Economic, And Social Equality1356 Words   |  6 Pagesequality. The Second wave feminism was a product of the civil right movement, as the women involved in it became disappointed with being seen as second class operators within the equality movement. These women are often refered to as the women s liberation movement. Some of the major issues that broadened the debate for the second wave femanism were sexuality, family, the workplace, social issues, and reproductive rights (Foster 72). The Third-Wave Feminism challenged the second wave s essentialistRead MoreAn Analysis Of Francois Truffaut s An Attack On Hollywood Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesclassical Hollywood was hitting new limits in the 1950s, overseas French film buffs began to analyze films from a critical standpoint. Young Turks, as they would be called, featured those who would later become some of the earliest adopters of French New Wave Cinema. Francois Truffaut, one of these Young Turks, developed in his article â€Å"A Certain Tendency in French Film,† an attack on Hollywood directors who seemed to be more focused on creating a faithful adaption from literary sources instead of usingRead MoreScience of Stars Paper1326 Words   |  6 Pagesthis paper I will explain how astronomers determine the composition, temperature, speed, and rotation rate of distant objects using various methods. I will explain the properties of stars. I will also summarize the complete lifecycle of the Sun and determine where the Sun is currently in its lifecycle. Measurement of Distant Objects Light is a type of energy. Light behaves like a wave because it acts as a disturbance in the magnetic and electric field of space. Light can behave as a particle, becauseRead MoreMain Methods Of Measuring Astronomical Distances887 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent methods to find the astronomical distances. Radar ranging: Radar ranging is used to find the distance of the planets which are near. This method works by striking a beam of radio waves towards the object, the radio waves after striking the object will come back as echo. So, the time taken by the radio waves to come back in the form of echo can be used to find the distance of the object. Parallax: Parallax is used to find the distances of the stars which are near. This method works by measuringRead MoreFocal Length of Lenses Lab - University Physics Ii1341 Words   |  6 Pagesapproximately +30cm, +10cm, and -30cm - Meter stick - Masking tape Theory: Lenses are transparent devices made of glass or plastic and have at least one curved surface. They work by refracting, or bending, light rays passing through them. Parallel waves are caused to either converge or diverge. Convex lenses have surfaces which bulge outwards in the center. This shape converges light by bending the light rays inward and causing them to intersect at a point just beyond the lens known as the focalRead MoreAnalysis of Thomas Birch’s painting An American Ship in Distress 730 Words   |  3 Pagesit more closely and discover other aspects of the work would make me appreciate it more. I also chose this because I enjoy being on boats and this really caught my attention. In this art work it shows a ship being tossed around by the stormy ocean waves. The artist who painted this piece is named Thomas Birch. The medium is an oil painting on canvas. This painting was made in 1841 and it’s from the Putnam Foundation. This work does fit into a genre and it’s a waterscape. The subject of this artworkRead MoreThe Development Of Telescope1641 Words   |  7 Pagesinspired to focus on seeing distant celestial objects and develop observational technologies. Many important developments of telescope were made throughout this four hundred years, but the true advancement of telescope started in the twentieth century when modern technologies allowed observation to be more efficient. At some points, the scientists invented different methods to capture every possible signal from the vast universe. They mainly focused on visible and invisible waves. These fields were developedRead MoreThe Telephone Is The Most Important?850 Words   |  4 PagesUnlike the telegraph, which can only use text, the telephone has advanced communication by allowing people to communicate instantly from a distant. Telephone means distant sound†. It was definitely an innovation that paved the way for other great technologies such as radio and television. In Module 4:3 the text said â€Å"The telephone works by converting sound waves into electronic signals and back. Radio does something similar, except that instead of transmitting the electronic signals through wiresRead MoreDemocracy And The State Of Economic Development1708 Words   |  7 Pageshalf of the 187 countries in the world today, 58 percent have adopted democratic government. To start with, when exactly did modern democracy emerge? Political scientist, Samuel Huntington argues today’s democracies emerged in a series of distinct waves of democratization between 1828 and 1991. Meanwhile, one of the most extensive and influential linkages between political systems and social environment is the statistically significant positive relationship flanked by democracy and the state of

Molality Example Problem - Worked Chemistry Problems

Molality is a means of expressing the concentration of a chemical solution. Heres an example problem to show you how to determine it: Sample Molality Problem A 4 g sugar cube (Sucrose: C12H22O11) is dissolved in a 350 ml teacup of 80  °C water. What is the molality of the sugar solution?Given: Density of water at 80 ° 0.975 g/ml Solution Start with the definition of molality.  Molality is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. Step 1 - Determine number of moles of sucrose in 4 g.Solute is 4 g of C12H22O11 C12H22O11 (12)(12) (1)(22) (16)(11)C12H22O11 144 22 176C12H22O11 342 g/moldivide this amount into the size of the sample4 g /(342 g/mol) 0.0117 mol Step 2 - Determine mass of solvent in kg. density mass/volumemass density x volumemass 0.975 g/ml x 350 mlmass 341.25 gmass 0.341 kg Step 3 - Determine molality of the sugar solution. molality molsolute / msolventmolality 0.0117 mol / 0.341 kgmolality 0.034 mol/kg Answer: The molality of the sugar solution is 0.034 mol/kg. Note: For aqueous solutions of covalent compounds—such as sugar—the molality and molarity of a chemical solution are comparable. In this situation, the molarity of a 4 g sugar cube in 350 ml of water would be 0.033 M.

Buddhism Vs Hinduism Hinduism - 1573 Words

Buddhism vs Hinduism Hinduism and Buddhism are two religions that are very open and tolerant of all people. They are religons that believe in acceptance of all and open-mindedness of other religons. Hinduism is the oldest religion on the planet that has been well established and still has a large following. To put it into perspective if religons were under 100 years old Hinduism would be 80 and Judaism and Christianity would still be in their 20s or 30s. Buddhism is also a long-standing religion and branches off of Hinduism which is why we can easily see some connections and conflict of ideas between both. Since both religons have been around for a thousands of years it is impossible to know everything and every interpretation of both religons. A simple starting point for beginning to learn about the religons is to look at the beliefs and customs -- how they connect/differentiate and some of the positive things that we can take away from both of the religons that may benefit the worl d we live in. The first way to look into the basis of both religons to look at who they worship or idealize. Hinduism is a religion that has its roots in India and that is also the country that has the highest population of Hindus till this day. One thing that makes Hinduism different from of the other larger faiths is that it is a Polytheistic religion. This means that there are many gods in Hinduism, this is the topic that causes much controversy in the religion for there are many ways toShow MoreRelatedBuddhism Vs Hinduism : Hinduism1773 Words   |  8 Pages05 Taylor Winchester Professor Warber HST 203 October 24, 2015 Buddhism vs. Hinduism According to the book, The Religion of the Hindus, Hinduism is the third oldest world religion that has approximately 300 million followers, most of which live in India. The holy language of Hinduism is the Sanskrit language. Hinduism is considered a religion versus a philosophy. There is no specific founder for Hinduism; however, it is closely related the customs and manner of Hindus, making it ratherRead MoreHinduism Vs. Buddhism970 Words   |  4 PagesHinduism and Buddhism are two of the most interesting religions in the world. To date, people still practice these religions in varying parts of the world especially in India. Although originating from Ancient India, some have difficulty in differentiating between the two. Hinduism and Buddhism share many similarities and also differ immensely. What is Hinduism? Hinduism, often referred to as Sanatana Dharma is the largest of the eastern religion and one of the oldest in the world. â€Å"HinduismRead MoreHinduism vs. Buddhism Essay627 Words   |  3 PagesHinduism and Buddhism are two of the most interesting religions in the world. To date, people still practice these religions in varying parts of the world. Although originating from the country of India, some have difficulty in differentiating between the two. Although Hinduism and Buddhism share many similarities, they are also different. What is Hinduism? Hinduism, the largest of the eastern religion and one of the oldest in the world. (Curry). 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Both religions share Common beliefs but also have their differences. Some differences are the deities worshipped, the founders of the religions, sacred writings observed, and meditation practices. Through out this essay we will explore and compare the similarities and the differences in both of these religions. Hinduism Religion In the Hindu religion, the founder was not one person alone. It isRead MoreHinduism and Buddhism’s Influence of Indian Culture in Southeast Asia1903 Words   |  8 PagesThe way Hinduism and Buddhism entered Southeast Asia was not the same, as well as when it entered and its influence of Indian culture that emerged into the area. Civilizations in Southeast Asia focused on an appreciation to nature, which resulted in a harmonious and equal relationship between man and nature. Southeast Asia had been depicted and known as the â€Å"golden island.† These Southeast Asian civilizations were characteristically composed from Hindu and Buddhist ways of life that influenced itsRead MoreEastern Religion Philosophy of Care1740 Words   |  7 Pagesplace free of suffering, according to Buddhism). The Eastern religions and philosophies all give varying accounts of karma, samsara, moksha, and nirvana.This paper will examine Sikhism, Buddhism, and Hinduism, analyze their belief systems, and show how they compare and contrast with one another and with Christianity. Sikhism Sikhism was founded at the beginning of the 16th century in Punjab by Guru Nanak. His philosophy was similar to that of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. Nanak observed the wayRead MoreEvil Is The Devoid Of Good Intentions1209 Words   |  5 Pagescrime, misfortune, and in some instances war. Throughout this course I have been able to study evil in eastern religions, Hinduism and Buddhism respectively. 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Personal Learning Free Essays

FAFM :Personal Learning Paper FAFM :Personal Learning Paper: SESSIONS : 28 DATE : 15. 11. 12- 01. We will write a custom essay sample on Personal Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now 02. 13 Learning’s From FAFM: * 1st Class starts with ice breaking and course plan for upcoming session * Infosys annual report – How to read the annual report * Compare with previous year annual report – percentage change year by year. * Auditor report – is the annual report is as per AS and rules followed as per standards * Corporate governance – meetings attended by directors and maintenance of records * Notes on accounts – brief about the content in the balance sheet * Market share – value of a company in the market CXO Duties – which includes CEO, CFO, CMO * How to compare with other companies and to relate with market * And also saw the annual report of RIL , ITC , TATA Motors * Introduction to Financial analysis * How to do financial analysis * Tools and Techniques * Case Discussion * Gemini Electronics * Cash Flow Statement – will show the liquidity of the flow of cash in a company * Operating Activities – what are all the expenses will come under this, for selling , distributing etc. , * Investing Activities – what are all the expenses will come under this, investment in other companies or shares etc. * Financing Activities – what are all the expenses will come under this, dividends etc * Cash inflow and out flow * How an Income statement and Balance sheet differs from Cash Flow Statement * Lehman Brother Company * Movie about the company * About Lehman Brother company * Bankruptcy Identification * Ratios – solvency ratio, liquidity ratio, efficiency ratio, profitability ratio * Horizontal vertical Analysis of Balance sheet and Income statement – how to compare and contrast the given numbers * Z – score calculation and analysis Cariboo Industrial ltd * Corporate Fraud * Z- score – to predict the value of the company in future as it will sustain in the market financially or not. * Liquidation and valuation * Financial Statement audit * Thaifo on Restaurant * Projected Income statement – assumption of future income or revenue * Projected Balance sheet – it consist of all except the net profit as it is full of assumptions * Seating arrangements – slightly operations related * Decision making – critical thinking of mind to go with or to drop it * Sales projection Financial Mathematics * EMI Calculation – monthly interest and principle payment. Principle rate will increase interest will get decreased. * EPS calculation * Intrinsic Value – Future value of market price of a company * Bond Valuation * Simple Interest Compound Interest Calculation * Financial Markets * Indian Financial System – full chart with sector wise divided. * Stock Markets * Case: Motilal Oswal IPO Case * Learn about IPO- what will be the companies value to enter into ipo. How the decision is taken * private equity shares, IPO basics need, fixed price offer basics of book building process * Book building process: Cut off price, method of Dutch auction, RII, NII, QII, over subscription, case – Midfield Industries Ltd, ASBA, prospectus, offer and private placement * Primary Market – New issue of shares in the market * Secondary Market – Buying selling of shares * Under over subscription – where the subscription of share is high or low * Stock Markets – functions of SEBI , RBI , BSE , NSE. Also learn about various stock markets in other countries * Sensex , Nifty , Otci – orgin , sustain , end of otci * Demat account * Difference between equity share and preference share * 24hrs market – ends in one country and the market starts in other country * Commercial papers * Treasury bills – pledged for money * Money Market: Harshad Mehta scam, various scams in Indian financial history, organized unorganized money markets and treasury bills its types * Case: Harshad Mehta Scam * Learn about there will not be any scam in share market. What are the tactics played to hike the price * How a person can be countered by his competitors * How big shots help them to play in market and earn money * Money Market: Commercial papers, call money market, certificate of deposits, derivatives – financial commodities, players, forward future contract, premium, strike price, strike data and call put option * Forex Market: Indian forex market, features, settlement of transaction, quotations, types of transactions, factors determining exchange rate * Finally the course has been completed with how to present in the exam Additional Learning’s * Daily Business Quiz * News paper reading – make me to know some new departments process and valuation * Mini Projects for marketing * Know about DBF * IRDA * BAT How to cite Personal Learning, Papers

HR -Coaching and Mentoring within Organisation

Question: Discuss about the HR -Coaching and Mentoring within organisation ? Answer: Introduction The market economy in todays world is a knowledge economy, where the knowledge plays a very important role in most of the organization. Thus, most of the companies today believe in both attracting and retaining the skilled and talented people, in their organization, although, here only they face the most important problem. Attracting and retaining the skilled people is a very difficult thing and most of the time the organization face a trouble in filling this particular gap. Therefore, the Talent Development Programme plays an important role in the organization. It helps in developing the skills of the employees working in the organization. Background of the Company and the Need of TDP Tesco is a retail store that has its head office in United Kingdom and it is operating in country since 1919. Tesco, today, has its branches not only in London but at the same time the branches are there in different other countries as well, which include countries like Australia, and even in countries like India. Tesco today is operating in 12 countries in both Asia and Europe. Tesco today, has the need to develop the talent and the skills of the 1000 Personal Manager and 50 Group Personal Manager. Definition of Talent and Development Programme The researcher, while defining the talent management and development programme and process, states that the organizations have the need of innovation, customer service, sales and at the same time, there is a need for many other things as well. The organization needs to cater to all these things to meet the business goal that is being set by the organization. Therefore, the researcher defines talent development programme or process as something that include an integration of all the process that include, managing, supporting, recruiting, supporting as well as compensation the people for the overall development of these people. (Figure 1: Talent Management Process Source: Bersin 2016). Identification of those Sectors where Coaching and Mentoring Could be Used Tesco needs to develop a strategy of talent management and talent development for the Personal manager and the Group personal manager working for the organization. It has been estimated that almost 1000 personal managers need the help of the talent development programme and 50 group personal managers need the help of this particular programme. Both the personal managers and the group personal managers who need the coaching as well as the mentoring, for developing their skills, belong to the retail sector of the organization. The retail sector of the organization consists of the large part of the organization, where the training and the development programme should be provided. Definition of Coaching and Mentoring Every individual possess certain amount of skills and knowledge, which needs to be developed through proper technique. Coaching and mentoring follows a particular technique and help in the development of the skill, knowledge as well as the work performance of the employees. Researchers state that there is a distinction between coaching and mentoring, although most of the times these two words are used in the same sense and the meaning of these two words are also inter-changeable. Thus, coaching and mentoring are two different practice of developing skills, although most of the time it is used in the inter-changeable meaning or sense. Key features of Coaching and Mentoring Model Similarities/differences Advantages Disadvantages Coaching The relationship that is developed between the coach and the client is for a short duration of time. The short-term coaching programmes as well as the short-term relationship between the coach and the client help in developing the skills of the employees. Especially, in a dynamic working environment the skills of the employees are developed in a better way through effective coaching. Since the relationship that is, being developed is developed for a short period, therefore, it become difficult to recognize the skills of the employees. Failure to recognize the skills of the clients could create varied kinds of problems. Mentoring The relationship that is being developed between the mentor and the client is for a long duration of time. Since the relationship between the mentor and the mentee is a long-term relationship, therefore, in a new environment the worker could take the help of the mentor any time and thus could easily accommodate in the new working environment. Most of the time the long term relationship that is there between the mentor and the mentee is a force relationship, which both the parties have to bear for a long time. (Figure 2: Coaching/Mentoring Features Source: Created by the Author) Identifying and Analyzing four different Coaching and Mentoring Model Model Key features Potential benefits Similarities /differences Uses-where most effective? Your evaluation of models suitability (or NOT) for your TDP-Talent Development Programme GROW The GROW model is a kind of coaching model. The GROW model has four steps, which include: G- Goal Set by the Organization R- The Reality or to be more precise the Current Reality O- Options or the Obstacles that are available W- Will or rather the Way forward. It helps in achieving the SMART goals set by the organization for talent development. Used in organization, like most of the model it is a coaching model. It helps in developing the leadership quality. Mainly in the small teams Since the number of people who needs training is large therefore, it is not that suitable. The model, although, helps in developing leadership quality. Therefore, in that sense it is a suitable model that the organization could adopt. OSKAR OSKAR too is a part of the coaching model, which include five steps. The steps are: O-Refers to the Outcome or the Objective of the coaching session S-It refers to the Scale or rather to the quantification of the performance of the clients, which helps in achieving the goal/objective. K- It refers to the Know-how, or rather to the skills and the knowledge of the clients, which will help in their development. A- It refers to the affirmation and action. R- It refers to the review of the coaching session. The model is both collaborative and achievable at the same time. It caters to need of both the team members and the coach, and tries to achieve the talent development goals. The similarity with most of the model is that it is a coaching model. It can be used in a tough team for achieving larger goals. It can be used in a large size organization like Tesco, where 1000 people require training. EXACT The EXACT model is a coaching model that helps in achieving the SMART goals set for the development of the employees. It helps in achieving the SMART goals set by the organization. Risk taking is an important part of this model and thus most of the time it is different from other models. It is used by the managers to provide training to those people who are not a part of the goal setting process It would not that useful for providing talent development programmes to the managers of Tesco. The managers are always involved in the goal setting process. A stages of Hays model It is a mentoring model that knows the need of the people. The model could also realise that the people want to grow and change. It helps in easily solving the problems that are faced by the mentee. It is different from all the other, model because it is a mentoring model and not a coaching model. It is mainly used by the educators and teachers. Not a very suitable model in this particular case. (Figure 3: 4 Models of Coaching/Mentoring Source: Created by the Author) The Organizational Climate for Providing Effective Coaching and Mentoring Organization should ensure employees safety before engaging them in any kind of talent and development programme. There should be enough physical space. The work pressure and the stress on the employees should low. There should be learning as well as an engaging environment. Skills Required to Provide Coaching and Mentoring The skills that are important for coaching/mentoring include, questioning, listening, feed as well as other inter-personal skills. The coach should smile to make the listener feel that attention is given to his/her word. There should be a normal eye contact between two people. Body language or posture is important in an interactive session Mirroring or the use of automotive reflection can be used to make the listener feel that proper attention is being paid. Other Factors to be Taken in Consideration The 5Rs help in the talent development process. R1- Readiness from the part of the learner to learn things. R2- Resourcefulness or rather the creativeness of learning new things. R3- Resilience R4- Taking ownership for learning as well as the responsibility R5- Reflectiveness or the ability to improve through practice. Establishing Support Need for Coaches/Mentor Support needs are generally provided for the coaching/mentoring session. Especially in case of coaching session supports are provided to the coaches from the part of the organization. There are although times, when the manager or the management ask the coaches to provide learning to other employees who are not involve in the programme. Evaluation of Support Needs of Coaches/Mentors Support mechanism Key features Potential use/where most suitable and effective Your evaluation of mechanism suitability (or NOT) for your TDP-Talent Development Programme 1.Allowing Coaching to be a part of Organizational Culture Developing Usefulness Advantages being promoted Suitable for all levels Suitable 2.Establishing Organize Coaching Support to the coaching Process Suitable for all levels Suitable 3.Documenting Things Easy reference to the later stage. Suitable for all levels Suitable Creation of the TDP Plan Particulars Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Identifying the need Selection of the target Formulating the plan Fixing of date Selecting Coaches Communicating Organising (Figure 4: Support Mechanism Source: Created by the Author) Conclusion The organizations in todays world are changing every day and thus the need of skilled employees in the organization is increasing at the same time. The talent and development programme or the TDP could help in filling the gap that is created. If the gap were being filled, it would be helpful not only for the organization but also at the same time for the employees as well. References Becker, K.D., Darney, D., Domitrovich, C., Keperling, J.P. and Ialongo, N.S., 2013. Supporting universal prevention programs: A two-phased coaching model. Clinical child and family psychology review, 16(2), pp.213-228. Bersin, J. (2016). Talent Management What is it? Why now?. 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